With more than 1.08 million machines worldwide as of 2016, slots are the lifeblood of both the land-based and online gaming industries. The first machine of this type was invented toward the end of the 19th century, but much has changed with the introduction of the virtual reel.
The first game that used a video screen instead of mechanical reels was introduced in the mid-1970s and was called the Fortune Coin. Gamblers initially approached this new type of slot machine with suspicion for a variety of reasons.
For starters, the resolution was quite low, so the imagery was far from impressive. These early video-screen machines lacked animation, audio effects, and bonus features. Most players were not tech-savvy and distrusted the random number generators that determined the outcome of each spin. The absence of physical reels led many players to believe the machines were rigged.
The mid-1990s were a turning point in the history of the “one-armed bandits.” This period marked the arrival of the first video slots with bonus features. In February 1997, manufacturer Silicon Gaming launched The Odyssey machine, a multi-game video slot that featured a larger screen, several bonus features, and significantly improved animation.
The immense popularity of its successor, Reel ‘Em In by WMS Gaming (launched later in 1997), made game designers realize that video slots are the future of the constantly evolving gambling industry.
Soon after, classic three-reel slots gave way to their improved cousins because the latter dramatically enhanced the entertainment value of slot machines. If you haven’t yet transitioned from classic to video slots, this article may be exactly what you need.
We explain the differences between the two types of games, the bonus features of video slots, and how betting on multiple lines works. Here, you will also find several compelling reasons for and against playing multi-line video slots.
How Are Video Slots Different Than Classic Slots?
1Virtual Instead of Physical Reels
The biggest difference between classic and video slots is that the former use physical reels, while the latter are software-driven. Classic games with mechanical reels are now relics of the past and are sold only to collectors.
Video slots rely on programmable chips called Random Number Generators. The symbols are mapped onto virtual, rather than physical, reels, which greatly increases the number of possible combinations. This also allows developers to experiment with various payout percentages and volatility levels.
2More Than 3 Reels
Another distinctive feature of video slots is that they use five reels instead of only three, as is the case with their classic counterparts. The chance of hitting a winning combination is enhanced by the introduction of multiple paylines.
3More Paylines
Classic slots paid on a single win line that stretched across the center of their three reels. In contrast, video slots typically feature between 9 and 50 win lines, although it is possible to find games with even more.
The winning conditions are the same as in three-reel slots: you must align matching symbols on one or more paylines to collect a cash prize. Only the highest win per line is paid. In most video slots, a payline awards only when the matching symbols land consecutively from the leftmost to the rightmost reel.
4Both Ways Slots
With that in mind, it is also possible to find multi-line games where the matching symbols pay in both directions. These are known as Both Ways slots, with NetEnt’s Fisticuffs and The Invisible Man serving as popular examples. Some advanced slots lack paylines altogether, but we will discuss this in more detail later in the article. You generally need at least three matching symbols on a payline to receive a cash prize, although some games pay for as few as two symbols.
5Bigger Wager per Payline
Video slots typically support multiple bet levels, meaning the player can wager several coins on each available payline. The number usually goes up to ten coins per win line.
6Diversity of Themes
Another trait of video slots is their greater thematic diversity. Game makers are no longer limited to plain fruit and BAR symbols. Modern technology enables them to craft games inspired by mythology, various cultures, adventure, literature, and popular culture.
Multi-Line Slots' Bonus Features in Brief
Video slots would never have achieved such popularity without the bonus features they offer. In addition to the standard cash prizes awarded through paylines, players can trigger bonus events such as free spins and various side games.
There are even slots that allow you to buy directly into these bonuses. Below, we outline the key features you are likely to encounter when playing multi-line video slots.
Scatter Symbol
Multiplier
Cascading Reels
Respins
Cluster Pays
Free Spins
All Ways Slots
Bonus GamesWild Symbol
The wild is a substitute symbol that can replace other symbols to form additional winning combinations on the paylines. The only exceptions are other special icons, such as those that trigger bonus games, and the scatters. There are several varieties of wilds, including expanding, sticky, floating, and stacked wilds, among others.
Scatter Symbol
Scatter symbols are special because they can award payouts regardless of their positions on the screen. A player collects a prize as long as several scatters land on neighboring reels. These symbols are often the key to unlocking bonus events and free spins. This typically occurs when three or more scatters land during the same round.
Multiplier
A multiplier boosts your winnings by a preset value, usually 2x, 3x, 4x, or 5x, although it is not unheard of to find video slots with even higher multipliers. For instance, if you win $10 during a bonus round where a 3x multiplier applies, you will collect $30 from the special feature.
Cascading Reels
In video slots with cascading reels, the symbols that form winning combinations “explode,” and new ones drop into their places. This continues on subsequent winning spins until the feature is deactivated by a losing round.
Respins
A respin gives players additional chances to win at no cost. Respins are sometimes triggered by wild symbols. When a wild appears on the reels, it causes them to respin for free, and this process continues until a loss occurs. In some video slots, this feature is not symbol-driven but instead occurs at random intervals.
Cluster Pays
Cluster Pays is a feature found mainly in video slots developed by NetEnt. These games lack traditional paylines. Instead, they pay out when identical symbols form clusters. The symbols must be vertically or horizontally adjacent on the reels to award a cash prize. In NetEnt’s Aloha! slot, you need a minimum of nine clustered symbols to receive a payout.
Free Spins
Free spins are a common feature in most multi-line video slots. They are typically awarded when the player hits three or more scatters in a single round. These cost-free spins have a value equal to the triggering bet. Multipliers are sometimes available during free spins to further boost your profits. In some games, players can retrigger the free spins by landing the triggering symbol combination again during the feature.
All Ways Slots
All Ways slots do away with standard paylines. Instead, all symbols behave like scatters and award winning combinations when matching symbols appear in any position on adjacent reels. Games of this type usually give you 243, 720, or 1024 ways to win.
Bonus Games
Bonus games are a favorite feature of many video slot players, and rightfully so. They come in all shapes and forms, but some of the most common types include wheel-based and “pick-me” bonus games. A bonus event is usually triggered by a combination of symbols, but it can also occur randomly in some video slots. Either way, the player is guaranteed to secure extra cash prizes at the end of the bonus event.
The Cost of Playing Multiple Paylines
Paylines have been an inseparable part of slots ever since this type of game first appeared. Early slots featured a single payline down the center of the reels. More recent three-reel slots award payouts on three horizontal and two diagonal win lines.
Multi-line games are a more elaborate – and more expensive – breed of slots. The player is expected to cover each payline with a bet; otherwise, it will fail to generate a cash prize even if winning symbols align.
The paylines of modern slots form all kinds of shapes. They snake across the reels, zigzag, create V-shapes, or appear as chevrons. Video slots commonly have 20, 25, 30, or 40 paylines, but this number varies greatly between games.
Having multiple paylines benefits players because it increases their chances of aligning winning combinations. Furthermore, the same spin can produce wins on several paylines instead of just one.
That said, the player must place a wager on each active line, which significantly increases the cost per spin. There are two types of paylines – fixed and adjustable. Adjustable paylines let players deactivate one or more lines, which naturally decreases the game’s winning potential.
Slots with fixed paylines give you no such flexibility. You play all lines or none. This can be expensive for players on a limited budget, especially if the game uses a high minimum coin denomination. For instance, if you play a slot with 30 fixed lines and the minimum coin value is $0.10, each spin will cost you $3.
From the casino’s perspective, fixed paylines became a necessity when penny slots gained popularity in the early 2000s. With a minimum bet of $0.01 per spin, these machines were not as profitable for the house. This prompted game designers to introduce the “forced bet,” also known as the fixed payline.
Such a machine does not allow players to deactivate any of the available paylines. All they can do is choose how many coins to bet per spin. For example, the control panel on a slot with 20 fixed lines might feature buttons labeled Bet 20, Bet 40, Bet 60, Bet 80, Bet 100, and so on. Bet 20 is the first bet level, covering each of the 20 win lines with one coin. You wager two coins per line with the Bet 40 option, and so on.
Many advanced slots include multiple bet levels, meaning you can wager multiple coins on each payline, usually up to ten. Such is the case in NetEnt’s Divine Fortune, where you have 20 fixed lines, a minimum coin denomination of $0.01, and ten betting levels.
It makes sense that a higher number of win lines increases the hit frequency of slot machines. The trouble is that it also lowers the average amount you win back on each payline.
You may win some credits but still lose the coins wagered on lines that failed to produce winning combinations. As a result, many spins end in an overall loss, even though the machine declares that you have won.
When Losses Are Disguised as Wins
Multi-Line Slots and Random Number Generators
Return Percentages and Volatility in Multi-Line Slots
Video Slots without PaylinesWhen Losses Are Disguised as Wins
The problem with multi-line slots is that many losing spins are disguised as wins. Here’s how it happens: You play a slot with 20 active paylines and place one coin on each line for a total bet of 20 coins. The reels are weighted so that low-paying combinations occur more frequently than top-paying ones.
Imagine the slot pays 6 coins for a combination of three Qs and 7 coins for three Js. Both low-paying combinations hit on lines 12 and 20 at the end of a spin. You “win” a total of 13 coins against your 20-coin bet. In reality, you are 7 credits down for this round.
What’s troubling is the psychological impact of losses disguised as wins. Multi-line slot machines behave as if the player has hit a big win instead of a loss. The overall shortfall is “masked” by celebratory sounds and animations.
Worse yet, this behavior encourages players to keep betting. Many spinners overestimate their winnings during a session and underestimate their losses.
As a side note, players respond in a similar way when they experience near misses on classic three-reel slots. Research shows that nearly winning and actually winning affect the brain in almost the same manner.
In short, losses disguised as wins motivate players to bet on more than one line, enabling designers to create slots that award payouts on almost every spin. Despite the higher hit frequency, the amount of money returned is often less than the player’s overall wager.
Multi-Line Slots and Random Number Generators
The driving force behind advanced multi-line slots is the Random Number Generator (RNG). This technology is used in both online and brick-and-mortar casinos and guarantees that the outcome of each spin is entirely independent of previous results.
The RNG begins generating thousands of random numbers per second the moment the slot machine is powered on. The outcome of each round is determined in the very millisecond the player presses the spin button. The reels spin solely for aesthetics and authenticity.
The software selects a random number for each of the five reels. Each randomly generated number corresponds to a specific stop. The machine instructs the reels to halt on the stops chosen by the RNG. Many of these stops contain blank spaces or low-value symbols, which explains why top-paying combinations occur less frequently.
Modern multi-line machines do not even need physical reels to award payouts. You could simply place your wager and the game could immediately tell you whether you win and, if so, how much. The reels exist only to show the result the software has already selected.
As explained earlier, all slots have their reels weighted to ensure the casino turns a profit over the long run. Physical reels are not large enough to hold a greater number of symbols. The RNG therefore uses virtual reels where more symbols can be mapped.
The positions of the symbols on the virtual reels always remain the same. The symbols are permanently mapped in place, ensuring the slot achieves its expected theoretical return percentage.
There are countless strategies for sale online that supposedly enable players to beat the slots. Unfortunately, all of them are ineffective because it is impossible to predict randomly generated results.
Return Percentages and Volatility in Multi-Line Slots
All video slots are preprogrammed with a specific theoretical return percentage. This figure represents the amount paid back to players over the long term. For example, a game with a 97% payback percentage is expected to return $0.97 for every dollar wagered.
Payback percentages are cumulative and are shared among all players who bet on a given slot. Wide fluctuations can be observed in the short term, with spinners losing or winning big within just a dozen or so spins.
No slot game in the world offers a theoretical return of 100%. All machines are programmed to return less money than players collectively wager. If you play long enough, you are guaranteed to end up in the red. For this reason, reel spinners are advised to keep their sessions short and collect their profits as soon as they hit a decent win.
Machines with higher minimum denominations typically have better payback percentages. For example, a slot that uses a $1 minimum betting unit usually pays better than a $0.50 game, which in turn pays better than a $0.25 game, and so on.
Developers achieve this by improving the paytables of high-denomination slots and mapping more random numbers onto the high-value symbols. The theoretical return percentage is almost always the same regardless of how many coins you wager per payline.
Some players believe they win more frequently when they bet the minimum and less frequently when playing the maximum. This leads them to think the RNG is programmed to pay out more often on minimum bets and less often on maximum bets.
This misconception stems from the fact that these players are working with a very small sample size. The results would balance out with extended play and closer observation. Betting patterns are irrelevant to the Random Number Generator – it has no way of knowing the size of your bet. Bet size has no impact on the random numbers or the probability of identical symbols lining up on the paylines.
The hit frequency of a slot tells you how volatile the game is. Slot volatility measures the distribution of outcomes over a specific period. It also denotes the level of risk involved in the game, i.e., how likely you are to deplete your bankroll while playing.
Games with low volatility are less risky and have higher hit frequencies, but the payouts they award are lower. In contrast, video slots with high volatility are riskier because winning combinations occur less often; however, they compensate with larger payouts.
Provided that high-value combinations yield large enough returns, a slot with high volatility might have a better return percentage than a low-volatility game where most of the returns come from low-paying symbols.
Video Slots without Paylines
Most video slots include scatter symbols that pay whenever three or more land anywhere on neighboring reels. In most cases, the matches must occur from left to right, although there are games that pay both ways. It does not matter whether the symbols appear on the top, middle, or bottom positions of the reels.
Some developers have taken this concept even further by creating video slots where all symbols behave like scatters. These games have no paylines at all. They offer many winning combinations but low dispersion, meaning wins occur more often but the payouts are smaller.
- Slots Rules
- Classic Slots
- Video Slots
- Best Paying Slots
- Slots Payouts
- High Stakes Slots
- Progressive Jackpot Slots
- iOS Slots Apps
- Android Slots Apps
- Aussie Slots
- The Evolution of Slots
- Components That Make Slot Machines Tick
- Complete Breakdown of Slot Symbols
- Bonus Games in Slots
- Slot Fairness and Random Results
- How Casinos Gain Their Edge in Slots
- Slot Volatility vs. Theoretical Payback Percentages
- The Simplicity of Classic Slots
- All Ways Slots
- Megaways Slots
- Feature Buy Slots
- Branded Slots
- Progressive Slots – The Big Payers in the Casino
- Who Develops Slot Software
- The Rise of Mobile Slots
- Building Slots Bankroll
- Slot Etiquette when Playing in Landbased Casinos
- Maximizing Slot Wins
- Slot Tournaments
- Biggest Slot Wins in History
Reasons Against Playing Multi-Line Slots
Although multi-line video slots are the most played games on the casino floor, they have a poor reputation within the gambling community, with many longtime casino goers avoiding them at all costs. Ultimately, it comes down to personal preference, but the three downsides listed below are compelling reasons to take your action elsewhere.
Poor Odds and High House Edge
Inconsistent Odds, Payouts, and House Edge for Identical Slot Machines
No Strategy Can Help You Win ConsistentlyPoor Odds and High House Edge
The gambling industry relies on the concept of the house edge, a measure of the statistical long-term advantage the house gains from a particular bet or game. Video slots offer poor odds and carry higher house edges than most other casino games.
The average house advantage on slots ranges between 6% and 8%, depending on factors such as the number of paylines, minimum coin denomination, bonus games, and progressive or fixed jackpots. The house edge is the flip side of the theoretical payback percentage, which is also influenced by these factors.
To put these percentages into perspective, even notoriously bad games like double-zero roulette offer better odds and a lower house edge (5.26%) than many video slots. Card games like blackjack are your best bet because you can reduce the built-in casino advantage to around 0.5% with proper basic strategy.
If you dislike the idea of playing against a dealer alongside other patrons, consider video poker machines with more liberal paytables. These can even give you a slight advantage over the house.
Inconsistent Odds, Payouts, and House Edge for Identical Slot Machines
Another issue with slots is that there is no standardization of their odds, house edge, or payout percentages. With random games like roulette, craps, and baccarat, you always know the house advantage and odds you face.
Not so with slots, where the odds and payback percentages can vary greatly even between identical games. You might deplete your entire session bankroll in less than thirty minutes on one machine, only to find the same slot in another casino plays and pays very differently.
Data compiled by major regulatory authorities, such as the Nevada Gaming Control Board (NGCB), suggests that slots in Downtown Las Vegas offer better payout percentages than similar machines on the Strip.
A survey conducted by the NGCB shows that slots on the Strip retain as much as 7.88% of all wagered money, whereas the same games in Downtown Las Vegas yield a lower house advantage of 7.13%.
These discrepancies stem from the fact that most game designers provide casinos with several payback options. The same machine is often available with theoretical returns of 89%, 92%, or 94%, for example. It is up to the casino to decide which option to purchase. Because this information is not posted on the machines, players cannot shop around for the best-paying slots.
No Strategy Can Help You Win Consistently
Even if players know the payout percentages of the slots they play, this information cannot help them overturn or reduce the built-in house edge. The results are determined entirely at random, and subsequent outcomes are fully independent of previous results.
As a result, no strategy can help you win consistently in the long term. Certain approaches may allow you to extend your playing session and lose money more slowly, but the odds remain stacked against you. If you play long enough, you will inevitably end up on the losing end.
Reasons to Try Multi-Line Slots
Despite their downsides, video slots remain the most popular casino game of all time. Now that we have outlined the main disadvantages of multi-line games, let’s look at some of the most compelling reasons to give them a try.
Their Simplicity Renders Them Suitable for All Experience Levels
Casinos Offer a Broad Choice of Options to Slot Players
Video Slots Are Broadly AvailableTheir Simplicity Renders Them Suitable for All Experience Levels
This is perhaps the most compelling factor behind the immense popularity of slots. Many novice gamblers are intimidated by table games, where things can become hectic and confusing, especially during busy hours.
Slots are different, offering a solitary experience. At a land-based casino, you sit at the machine by yourself and can play at your own pace, without dealers urging you to place bets or table mates giving unsolicited advice.
Additionally, you do not need much instruction to understand how slots work. The intuitive interface and gaming controls allow anyone to learn in under a minute. You simply place a bet, press the spin button, and wait for the outcome. If you’re lucky, you collect a payout; if not, you keep your fingers crossed that the next spin will bring a win.
Casinos Offer a Broad Choice of Options to Slot Players
One particularly appealing aspect of slots, especially online, is the vast selection of games available. Many web-based gambling operators offer collections so large that it would take forever to try them all.
Games are typically organized into categories based on theme, number of paylines, bonus events, and even volatility. New titles are released regularly, often featuring improved and unique mechanics. Software developers continually strive to enhance the experience for reel spinners by introducing newer and more advanced games.
Video Slots Are Broadly Available
Finally, let’s consider availability. Tables at land-based casinos are often overcrowded, but you will experience no such issue with slots, especially at larger venues where there are hundreds of multi-line machines.
The situation is even better online, where there is no limit on the number of players who can join and play the same slot simultaneously. This provides round-the-clock access to your favorite games, and you can often try new releases for free before risking your hard-earned money.